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Bill Nye the Science Guy Genes

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hey nice Jean Spanx I got them from my mom and dad me to wait that means we must Bill Nye the Science Guy science Rules inertia is a property of matter T minus 7 Seconds Listen song go buy a book double helix Corporation we build foundations for lights the way you are when you're born depends on where you came from it's determined by your parents  your body and your are men with a cinnamon structures that determine who and what you are when you are comes from what we called your jeans and you got your jeans from your parents genes every living thing on Earth genes are stored on extremely long string of chemicals that are in almost every cell of your body the way you are and the way you look when you're born are controlled by your genes take a look at this it's our microscope with a camera microscope of Science and right now it's taking a picture of a small part of a tiny drop with a but when you can see these are called brain cells I sell stomach cells and skin cells each cell very very small bundles of chemicals what all we can see when I first like this but with a very powerful Imaging technique you can see that those bundles of chemicals are made of another company it's called DNA maybe you've heard of it that stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and it's shaped like a ladder twisted DNA is all the information you need to determine whether or not you're a tree or a human or sea jelly what do you got red hair black hair green eyes are dark skin and not leave that DNA is made of just four main chemicals and they fit together either or like this who said the how can that be how can all that information packed into such a tiny space all these different kinds of living things take a look at this it's our DNA string real model of Science of the DNA molecule why does this French would be this watch it would be this long by 200k a billion times longer than it is wide and your teams are strung out on this molecule it's yuge it's in your genes enzyme made of so chromosomes I'm sorry a long DNA molecules chromosomes are found in almost every cell of every living thing is a chromosome that holds lots of jeans this is a gene it's a specific piece of DNA here's another Gene lvc how can I think what's something here yeah I think this right here is a white blood cell and these are three red blood cells and you'll notice that the white blood cells darker than the red blood cell that's because it has a nucleus DNA DNA check it out so this is the nucleus of the cell all squashed flat knees right here are the long strands of DNA coiled around each other these are called chromosomes sure DNA structure salon DNA so what are we doing well we can take this and cut it up into little pieces and separate those pieces we can then move them from one organism to another here's an example that I prepared earlier this is a protein from a sea jelly that we've taken and put inside of a bacterial now Julia Flores under UV light just like the sea jelly this would be a genie a piece of the Killer's DNA molecule this is DNA it has lots of teams on it they're all packed and chromosomes Transformers  to make an article of clothing will use long pieces of paper pattern to make a another living thing these long pieces of information called genes the pattern to make the left arm of the lab coat the pattern provide information to cut out the clock the same way your genes provide the information to make your left arm there notice that we need a lot of pattern piece lot of pieces off to make a lab the same way we need a lot of information a lot of genes to make a person or another living thing the information to make these is in the pattern the information is in your jeans  the nations of molecules distinguish living thing I'm not living systems tell your cells what to do  dad what are genes your mother will answer their mom genes are the set of chemical instructions that get passed down from parent to child in the process of course the genetic material is a NuWave which is why most people bear resemblance to their parents and grandparents without looking like anyone relative in particular  so you mean not your fault you had a big nose because your parents had a big nose Richie eat your crust oh boy you me giraffes fish seaweed are all made of DNA fishing arrows turn up our genes are stored in parts of ourselves called chromosomes they look like this chromosomes contain all of the genetic information all the instructions you need to make a person now humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes for roll a 46 it's like the instructions are stored in 46 books  and the books are divided into NH chapter is Like a G6 in a body you don't need to read every chapter if you're in those if your hands read the chapter about hands if you're a nice so you just read the chapter about eyes  see you in a wait they're all different name four different parts of the same thing chromosomes genes pieces of DNA works chapters letters free reading  each chromosome has in its genes that are that you information OK Google everyone yourself has 46, 23 pairs looks like you got 23 songs from your mom the 23 socks and Dad and then your mom pair up and they almost comes from your dad the stuff that the chromosomes are made of or slightly different **** determined a lot of different things like what color eyes are or how long your toes are even sense of humor comes from your teeth look at these bundles of genetic code actually they're babies I was a baby once those were the days  vibrato you and me and every person became a person the same way like this here's a picture my mom and dad not to make a person like me I got a special reproductive cell for my mom called an egg can I get another special reproductive cell from dad called a sperm  each of these cells only has half of the chromosomes half of the genes you need to make a person but they find in a sort of genetic square dance and this one news into somebody like me don't let me show you my baby pictures she hears one of the chromosomes I got for my dad and here's one of the chromosomes I got for my mom and here they are the egg is being fertilized by the sperm then this brand new combination of genes immediately Springs into action to make the new cell grow and that one cell divides into two cells like this but you keep dividing dividing and dividing all 50 trillion cells you need to make a whole new person is a little bundles of genetic code containing the genetic message the blueprint for future Generations kinetic code is the same for all living creatures 4 which means that there is really only one form of life on Earth find a jingle the shape of your earlobes depends on your genes some people have a gene for dangling ears and some people have a gene for attached earlobes right now I should come back you know what Michael inherited that  Toronto mayor on all the hanging for your love Banks  did your parents your lips are attached then yours probably are too and if your parents your then yours probably Dango also cuz we get our genes from our parents but just check it out  where's a mod a vagine of a piece of the DNA molecule  human genes can combine in about show me the Trillium different combinations and we do it please consider the phone every living thing you earth worms in trees are made of DNA  all this is made of the same for chemicals the way it works is that the four chemicals are rings in a different order or sequence in all the different strands of DNA  in the four chemicals are adenine thymine cytosine and guanine chemical is pretty complicated we usually just a TCG I think that would just for chemicals we'd only be able to set a few combinations like next to a t a c next to a g with an a over here turn the times as you want  swing up with thousands and thousands of different combinations  Cruiser Twinkie print out all the chemicals in just one gene  say the gene for my hair color which is not quite Brown turn between if we printed it out on pages like this all the pages we need for every human genes we need a lot of things we need  this much paper almost half of it she put it out like this should I bring for jeans or complicated but in a way they're kind of simple because they're better just for chemicals adenine thymine cytosine and guanine that's it and that's it for considered  each living thing has its own special blueprint for a species how do you make things that the blueprint for every single living creature on earth is composed of the same kind of molecule which scientists know as good night is The Offspring of a female horse and a male donkey first of all mule is a hybrid 3 chromosomes chromosomes and the horse has 64 put mule fold  to get the best jeans from the donkey and a lot of the best jeans from the horse he can carry very heavy loads he picks up a lot of this father a horse cannot quite see that hindfoot he sees fairly close to that but then we will actually see where he's hind foot is going in steep narrow Trail here's a we did we took one white blood cell we smashed and we stained and it's under this microscope usual Racine right here Chubby's are chromosomes these light and dark bands are bundles of jeans and each bundle contains hundreds of genes those are the bundles of jeans right there are molecules there chemicals they're tiny they're much smaller than you can see with even a microscope it's like trying to read street signs from outer space you can't see him but you know they're down just as the chromosomes are paired so are the many genes that are rentals turn on lights on but not everybody can let me give you a taste on here another is recessive recessive 1 Diamond team for your mom went on the team from your dad from your mom damaging overrule the recessive meaning you still can or tongue agent recessive and is it from both your parents then like him  you can't do this what time is it jeans have a lot of information and sometimes information gets jumbled up take a look at this it's headed turtle they live here in a zoo not normally this animal would have been feeding the nature because having two heads doesn't get around very well now the mutations that made this animal the mutations of the gene happen all the time and nature sometimes when you can help an animal survive and other times they don't it's all in our genes whatever sells is where we are ultimately Define the chromosomes carry the information that reveals our true identities we are all of a Kind yes all different jeans Tammy how to down here father Danny has a brown-haired mother turns out Danny has Pro what's the most like a color mother and Mary what's the most likely color Mary and Danny had a baby danger in a baby show me big well that's our show things watching your excuse me I've got some restriction fragment length polymorphisms to resolve Sia reduce it Association International we we we put them together they've been meal we we we can buy them but you do this figure out what malaria parasites are doing when we get there are so high thank you paper pendants to make a person or another living thing will use jeans  yes how's the process of course the genetic material combines a new wave so that you know these chemicals pretty complicated don't get me wrong but there's only four of them timing

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Bill Nye the Science Guy Genes

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