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AMS Chromosomes and Karyotypes

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I seen too many pictures of chromosomes diagrams are awesome but I need to be careful about misconception can come with them see and diagrams I've seen chromosomes typically drawn in X shape so when I was younger I thought all chromosomes are an X shape which is really confusing when I heard you took it up two X chromosomes or an X and A Y chromosome then I start to wonder why are these chromosomes resembling the letters of the alphabet and then sometimes it looks like single stick pieces and not X shapes and I wondered what is going on with these things I also thought that if humans have 46 chromosomes and they're in there somewhere deep inside the body but if you need to analyze them you have to find them and make sure not to do anything to them because you only have 46 of them will these are some misconceptions I had we're hoping to clear up a little bit about chromosomes stations are not scientific obviously we can help with our explanations which are well you can find chromosomes in that area where the chromosomes tend to have circular shapes we're going to focus on eukaryote chromosomes specifically focused on human chromosomes chromatin and chromatid consists of DNA and protein a chromosome itself is really intense packaging it starts with d nucleosomes which are often considered to look like more and more convincing packaging levels occurred we highly encourage you to explore this until it result into the chromosome level but why all this packing well in yourself you have a lot of DNA and it has to fit inside nucleus another reason it's also really important for when you make more cells like in the process of mitosis but in mitosis you have to be able to remove DNA in two new daughter cells use so much. easier to do so by the way it's not always packed up so tightly for example in DNA replication there are a variety of factors that influence how tightly packed chromatin is let's get kind of a general idea about how human chromosomes may be represented in chromosomes duplicated during interphase chromosome is still bound here in this region called the centromere does not technically have to be in the center of the chromosome because of confusing we stay there are two sister chromatids the one, so here it duplicates and now while the still attached it's still one chromosome have 46 chromosomes in interphase are duplicated there still 46 chromosome but that's 92 chromatids in the picture during a stage of mitosis those 92 chromatids get pulled apart so each cell have 46 chromosomes well most of your body cells have 46 chromosomes it's important to remember that certain genes on the chromosome may be turned on or off by a variety of factors would you ever get a fantasy all 46 of your chromosomes clearly something called a karyotype an image of all your chromosomes it's possible to have a karyotype made as part of some types of medical screening in a karyotype the chromosomes are visible chromosomes from a karyotype are typically from a cell that is in a mitosis stage typically metaphase is chromosomes are condensed during interphase would be a challenge because you don't have it DNA packing something confusing to clarify when searching for karyotypes sometimes it'll be represented kind of like this diagram and sometimes 46 chromosomes the number of chromatids in the two images here seem different so what's going on stage is anaphase or telophase would be a time when each chromosome would have a single chromatid do spaces are generally not when you do a typical care type for optimal viewing a typical karyotype is taken at or right before metaphase recalled from mitosis at metaphase the chromosomes would have to join sister chromatids it's just that many times join sister chromatids of the chromosomes can be so close together that to an untrained eye it might be difficult to see that each chromosome in the karyotype typically has two sister chromatids when arranging the karyotype the chromosomes are arranged in August pairs of chromosomes are about the same size and getting the same types of genes you receive one chromosome from one parent and one chromosome from the other pair 23 pairs 22 the pairs 44 of the chromosomes are called autosomes that means they are not related to your biological they may have genes related to eye color or height or hair texture the last two chromosomes are called chromosomes because they determine biological females have two X chromosomes males have One X and one Y chromosome and just a side note 5 has nothing to do with the reason interesting topics to look up so so 23 of these chromosomes are from the father from a sperm cell which is egg a meat unlike body cells gametes have have the number of chromosomes as body cells sperm cells are considered haploid because they are I have one set of chromosomes the other 23 of the chromosomes came from the mother contained in which is also a meat and egg cell is haploid because like the sperm cell it contains only one set of chromosomes sperm and egg cell combine they form a fertilized egg zygote the resulting cell is diploid and it contains two sets of chromosomes it will divide to continue to form a diploid cells you are a diploid or What's the  chromosomes you know that mothers can only give an X chromosome because that's the only type of  chromosome they have fathers cook even act the baby would be XX female or a y the baby is X determine the biological  chromosome karyotype can reveal missing chromosomes extra chromosomes it's specific locations do you have an interest in a career that involves area of study the field of genetics continues to expand in the career of a genetic counselor maybe something to read up on that's it for the movie sisters UTC curious

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AMS Chromosomes and Karyotypes

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