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What are Ions?

Added Mar 08, 2017 •

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in this lesson we will learn about What ions are and how they are formed when an atom gains loses electrons they develop a charge recalled that electrons are negatively charged so the gain or loss of electrons will create a charge these charged particles are called ions  when an atom loses electrons they become positively charged positively charged ions are called cations easy way to remember this is to recall that cats have paws when an atom gains electrons they become negatively charged negatively charged ions are called and ions let's look at sodium as an example its electronic structure is 2/8 and 1 it has one electron and its valence outermost shell when sodium loses this valence electron it becomes a positively charged sodium ion discharges written as a superscript when writing the symbol when drawing the electronic structure in close it and square brackets and write the switch on the top right-hand corner now let's look at oxygen as another example its electronic structure is to text therefore there are six electrons in its valence shell oxygen gains two electrons to form a negatively charged oxide remember to include the charge when writing the symbol and when drawing the electronic structure  if we look at the electronics picture of these two ions we will see that they have a complete outer shell we will also see that they have the same electronic structure as that of a noble gas the sodium ion and the oxide ion have the same electronic structure as in neon atom how are you feeling about ions are you ready to form ions on your own let's try please pause the lesson and draw the electronic structure of the awesome ion and a chloride ion  the electronic structure of calcium is to a 828 loses two valence electrons to form a calcium 2 + ion the electronic structure of chlorine is eight and seven it gains an electron to form a chloride ion these two ions have the same electronic structure as an R an atom  did you get the structures right and did you remember to specify the charges what do sodium and magnesium and have in common they are both metals and metals lose their valence electrons to form cations group Metals such as sodium have one valence electron and they move this electron to form ions with a plus one charge group 2 metals does magnesium have 2 valence electrons and they lose these electrons to form ions with a 2 plus charge oxygen and fluorine are both metals non-metals tend to gain electrons to form anions oxygen is in group 6 and has 6 valence electrons two electrons to form an ion with a negative 2 charge fullerene is in group 7 and has 7 valence electrons it gains one drawing to form an ion with a negative one charge group three elements such as aluminum lose three electrons to form ions with three charged group five elements such as nitrogen gain three electrons to form ions negative 3 charge group 4 elements is carbon tend to form covalent compounds they jewed in conclusion and ion is a charged particle form from either the game loss of electrons a positively charged ion is known as a cat ion and a negatively charged ion is known as an anion the ions have the same electronic structure as their nearest noble gas

Uploaded by E. Bellah.

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What are Ions?

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